|
|
|
|
Radar units, normally operating as an integral part of the parent ATC units, will provide as much as possible of the radar service listed in the para 2. Factors, such as radar coverage, limitations in the functioning of radar equipment and the work load may prevent the radar controller from performing all or some of the given functions. The radar controller has the authority to decide whether he, in any specific case, is able to provide radar service or continue to provide it.
|
The radar units available are listed below. The operational hours and frequencies of radar units can be found in section AD 2.
|
Transponder mandatory zones (TMZ) are given in AIP, GEN 1.5 and ENR 2.1.
|
Responsible
ATC unit
|
SER
|
Call sign
|
RMK
|
|
FI
|
EN
|
APP HALLI
TWR HALLI
|
SSR
SSR
|
HALLIN TUTKA
HALLIN TORNI
|
HALLI RADAR
HALLI TOWER
|
SSR antenna not located at the aerodrome, functionality limited |
|
APP HELSINKI
|
PSR, SSR
PSR, SSR
|
-
-
|
HELSINKI RADAR
HELSINKI ARRIVAL
|
|
APP JYVÄSKYLÄ
TWR JYVÄSKYLÄ
|
SSR
SSR
SSR
|
JYVÄSKYLÄN TUTKA
JYVÄSKYLÄN TULO
JYVÄSKYLÄN TORNI
|
JYVÄSKYLÄ RADAR
JYVÄSKYLÄ ARRIVAL
JYVÄSKYLÄ TOWER
|
|
|
APP KITTILÄ TWR KITTILÄ
|
SSR
SSR
|
KITTILÄN TUTKA
KITTILÄN TORNI
|
KITTILÄ RADAR
KITTILÄ TOWER
|
SSR antenna not located at the aero drome, functionality limited |
APP KUOPIO
TWR KUOPIO
|
SSR
SSR
SSR
|
KUOPION TUTKA
KUOPION TULO
KUOPION TORNI
|
KUOPIO RADAR
KUOPIO ARRIVAL
KUOPIO TOWER
|
|
APP MARIEHAMN
TWR MARIEHAMN
|
SSR
SSR
|
MAARIANHAMINAN TUTKA
MAARIANHAMINAN TORNI
|
MARIEHAMN RADAR
MARIEHAMN TOWER
|
SSR antenna not located at the aerodrome, functionality limited |
APP OULU
TWR OULU
|
SSR
SSR
|
OULUN TUTKA
OULUN TORNI
|
OULU RADAR
OULU TOWER
|
|
APP PORI
TWR PORI
|
SSR
SSR
|
PORIN TUTKA
PORIN TORNI
|
PORI RADAR
PORI TOWER
|
SSR antenna not located at the aerodrome, functionality limited |
APP ROVANIEMI
TWR ROVANIEMI
|
SSR
SSR
SSR
|
ROVANIEMEN TUTKA
ROVANIEMEN TULO
ROVANIEMEN TORNI
|
ROVANIEMI RADAR
ROVANIEMI ARRIVAL
ROVANIEMI TOWER
|
|
APP PIRKKALA
TWR PIRKKALA
|
SSR
SSR
SSR
|
PIRKKALAN TUTKA
PIRKKALAN TULO
PIRKKALAN TORNI
|
PIRKKALA RADAR
PIRKKALA ARRIVAL
PIRKKALA TOWER
|
|
APP TURKU
TWR TURKU
|
SSR
SSR
|
TURUN TUTKA
TURUN TORNI
|
TURKU RADAR
TURKU TOWER
|
|
APP VAASA
TWR VAASA
|
SSR
SSR
|
VAASAN TUTKA
VAASAN TORNI
|
VAASA RADAR
VAASA TOWER
|
SSR antenna not located at the aerodrome, functionality limited |
|
ACC Helsinki
|
SSR |
HELSINKI CONTROL |
HELSINKI CONTROL |
|
|
|
|
2.1 Radar service is provided to
|
-
expedite the flow of air traffic and prevent collisions by
-
providing radar vectoring and monitoring;
-
applying radar separation;
-
giving warnings and position information on unidentified aicraft considered to consitute a hazard;
|
-
assist aircraft in emergency;
|
-
provide navigational assistance to aircraft;
|
-
inform on significant weather phenomena and provide radar vectors for circumnavigating adverse weather areas.
|
|
|
Precision radar approaches (PAR) are not in use.
|
2.3 Minimum horizontal radar separation
|
The horizontal radar separation minima is 5 NM. The radar separation may be reduced to 3 NM when the radar equipment qualification so permits.
|
The radar separation minimum can be reduced to 2.5 NM on final approach at Helsinki-Vantaa under certain conditions as published in AIP, EFHK AD 2.22.2.10.
|
Note: The Finnish Transport and Communications Agency may determine an increased separation minimum to be applied in the use of different radar equipment.
|
|
|
When vectoring an IFR flight, the radar controller shall ensure that adequate terrain clearance will exist at all times until the aircraft reaches the point where the pilot will resume his own navigation.
|
Levels assigned to aircraft by radar controller in the en-route phase of a flight or in the initial or intermediate phase of an approach will quarantee a terrain clearance of at least 300 M (1000 FT) above all obstacles within a distance corresponding to the radar equipment’s separation minima (3 NM or 5 NM) of the aircraft’s radar track.
|
Published ATC SMAC chart provides information that will enable flight crews to monitor and cross-check altitudes assigned by a controller using an ATC surveillance system.
|
3 RADAR EQUIPMENT FAILURE
|
In the event of radar failure or loss of radar contact the controller will inform pilot that radar service is terminated and will start alternative procedures to ensure that separation is provided between aircraft.
|
A radar failure may cause traffic restrictions.
|
|
|
4.1. If two-way communication is lost with an aircraft, the radar conroller will first determine whether or not the aircraft’s receiver is functioning by instructing the aircraft - on the frequency so far used - to acknowledge by making a specified manoeuvre or squawking IDENT and by observing the aircraft's track or SSR response.
|
In the event of complete communication failure the aircraft shall act in accordance with the communication failure procedures in the Rules of the Air and attempt to establish communication with the parent ATC unit or other ATS units as applicable.
|
Note: See ENR 1.6 - 4, para 5.3.
|
4.2. A departing controlled IFR flight operating in instrument meteorological conditions, having acknowledged an initial or intermediate clearance to climb to a level other than the one specified in the current flight plan for the en-route phase of the flight, and experiencing two-way radio communication failure shall, if no time or place for level change was included in the climb clearance, maintain
for a period of seven minutes
the level to which it was cleared and then commence the climb to the cruising level.
|
4.3. Aircraft being radar vectored or proceeding offset according to RNAV without a specified limit, proceed in the most direct manner possible to rejoin the current flight plan route no later than the next significant point, taking into consideration the applicable minimum flight altitude.
|
5 SECONDARY SURVEILLANCE RADAR (SSR)
|
5.1 Mandatory carriage of SSR transponder
|
|
|
|
|
5.2.1. An aircraft carrying a serviceable transponder shall operate the transponder at all times during the flight.
|
5.2.2. When operating within the Finnish flight information region, an aircraft equipped with transponder shall select Mode and Code as instructed by the appropriate ATC unit.
|
5.2.3. When transferring from a flight information region to another, an aircraft shall maintain the last assigned Mode and Code until otherwise instructed by the appropriate ATC unit.
|
5.2.4. When operating within the Finnish flight information region and the flight is receiving air traffic services, an aircraft which has not received Code setting instructions, shall select Mode A and Code 2000, until otherwise instructed by the appropriate ATC unit.
|
When not receiving air traffic services, select code 7000.
|
5.2.5. An aircraft shall use the IDENT feature only when requested by ATC.
|
5.2.6. When the aircraft carries a serviceable transponder equipped with mode C, this mode shall be continuously operated unless otherwise instructed by the appropriate ATC unit.
|
|
|
An aircraft encountering a state of emergency shall maintain the last assigned Mode and Code, unless otherwise decided by the pilot-in-command or instructed by the appropriate ATC unit. In these cases Mode A and Code 7700 shall be selected.
|
See also para 5.2.6 above.
|
5.4 Radio communication failure procedures
|
An aircraft experiencing radio communication failure shall select Mode A Code 7600.
|
See also para 5.2.6 above.
|
5.5 Unlawful interference
|
An aircraft provided with SSR transponder may select mode A and code 7500 to indicate that unlawful interference has taken place. In case the transponder is provided with mode C it shall be operated continuously unless otherwise prescribed by the appropriate air traffic control unit.
|